Large Language Models (LLMs) can produce extremely human-like communication, but their inner workings are something of a mystery. Not a mystery in the sense that we don’t know how an LLM works, but a ...

Black box AI systems make decisions using complex algorithms whose inner workings are not transparent. This means users see the results but don’t understand how decisions are made. Little to no ...

AI black box models lack transparency, making investment decisions unclear. White box models are slower but clarify their decision-making processes. Investors should verify AI outputs to align with ...

Like most engineers, as a kid I could answer elementary school math problems by just filling in the answers. But when I didn’t “show my work,” my teachers would dock points; the right answer wasn’t ...

The following essay is reprinted with permission from The Conversation, an online publication covering the latest research. For some people, the term “black box” brings to mind the recording devices ...

Machine learning models are incredibly powerful tools. They extract deeply hidden patterns in large data sets that our limited human brains can’t parse. These complex algorithms, then, need to be ...

Saurabh Bagchi receives research funding from a large number of sources, federal government, state government, and private enterprises. The full list can be seen from his CV at: ...