How plants sense the pH in the space between their cells has been uncovered. The pH in the extracellular space of plants is critical parameter for various processes, including growth and immunity. It ...

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors have a large extracellular region (shown in green and orange) that extends into space outside the cell. Almost 35% of drugs approved by the Food and Drug ...

Over the last decade, antibodies that block extracellular receptors on our immune cells have redefined the treatment approach for certain cancers. Now, all eyes are on how using the opposite approach ...

Innate immune responses to cell damage-associated molecular patterns induce a controlled degree of inflammation, ideally avoiding the promotion of intense unwanted inflammatory adverse events. When ...

1 By the late 1960s, researchers had become aware that this somewhat obscure class of lipids had the remarkable ability to act like an extracellular signaling molecule. 2 Two prominent forms typify ...

This original animation illustrates that presynaptic neurons secrete VLK, which then phosphorylates the extracellular side of ephrin type-B receptor 2 (EphB2) extruding from the membranes of ...

Therapeutics that leverage protein degradation as their primary mechanism of action appear to be a validated new therapeutic modality. The current clinical molecules are focused on degrading ...

Researchers headed by a team at the University of Texas at Dallas’ Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS) have made a fundamental discovery about a key mechanism that enables nervous system ...

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed on the surface of cells and regulate a range of important functions. Because they are involved in so many sensory and physiological processes, ...

New research combines two powerful imaging techniques to study the complete structure of a common aGPCR, including how its long and complex extracellular region interacts with the transmembrane region ...