Push-on, tubular, and self-threading stud receivers attach to unthreaded studs, rivets, pins or rods of metal, plastic, or wood. Stud receivers are usually made of hardened and tempered high-carbon ...
Bottoming or shouldering of studs should be avoided by driving them only to a predetermined depth. Bottoming or shouldering causes uneven stand-out and sets up undesirable radial compressive stresses ...