Background: Endothelin triggers vasoconstriction via activation of endothelin A (ETA) and endothelin B2 (ETB2) receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells and vasodilation by stimulating the release of ...
AUGUSTA, Ga. (Aug. 11, 2022) – Unnatural, direct connections between arteries and veins, like an access point for kidney dialysis and using a vein to bypass a blockage in a coronary artery, are made ...
Myostatin is present in striated myofibers but, except for myometrial cells, has not been reported within smooth muscle cells (SMC). We investigated in the rat whether myostatin is present in SMC ...
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery remains the gold standard treatment for patients with severe atherosclerosis, but the long-term failure of the grafted veins is a persistent challenge.
Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from your heart. They have thick walls and a muscular layer that keeps your blood moving. Arteries can be as wide as a nickel (about two centimeters). They are the ...
You have 3 different types of muscle: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle alone accounts for over 650 different muscles. Have you ever wondered how many muscles you have in your body? The ...
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