Excommunication is the Church’s most severe penalty imposed for particularly grave sins. Through baptism, a person is incorporated into the body of the Church through which there is a …

Since the decree “In Eminenti” of Pope Clement XII in 1738, Catholics have been forbidden to join the Masons, and until 1983, under pain of excommunication. (Please note that Freemasonry originated …

If he still refuses, refer it to the church; “if he ignores even the church, then treat him as you would a Gentile or a tax collector,” i.e. excommunicate him (cf. Mt 18:15-18). Heresy is not just a personal …